7: implementing signals
In this homework, we add support for standard Unix signals to xv6. As in past homeworks, start with the hw8 template from the class repository. Refer to lectures, the text book and Linux man pages, including: man sigreturn, as well as this linuxjournal article to learn more about signals.
alarm() - send SIGALRM to a process after a set interval Heading link
The template contains a default handler for all signals: kill the process. In this part, we implement a new system call ( alarm(seconds)), which sends SIGALRM to the calling process after the specified time interval.
The program alarmtest.c calls alarm(), then enters an infinite loop. A correct implementation of alarm() kills the process after the specified number of seconds.
signal() step 1 - change the disposition of a signal Heading link
The signal() system call can be used to change the “disposition” of a signal, i.e. how the signal is handled when received. In this step, you need to support only SIG_DFL (=0, default), and SIG_IGN (=1, ignore). The template already has built-in handling for SIG_DFL (kill the process), so you need only support the configuration, and “handle” signals with a SIG_IGN disposition.
Test your implementation using alarmtest2.c.
signal() step 2 - user space signal handling functions Heading link
If the second argument is a function (i.e. a value that is not SIG_DFL or SIG_IGN), then the function passed in should be called when the signal is received. We will follow the Linux design for implementing this, which is described in the linuxjournal article above, and discussed in lecture.
VERY IMPORTANT: the signal handler must run in user mode only
Test your implementation using alarmtest3.c.
Ctrl-C sends SIGINT to the foreground process Heading link
Implement the system call fgproc(), and modify sh.c to use it to track the foreground process. Whenever CTRL-C is pressed, send SIGINT to the foreground process.
Test your implementation with helloloop.c or any other program that continues running.
Some hints Heading link
There are two main things that are challenging in this homework. One isn’t a big deal if you’re familiar with casting and function pointers, but I suspect dealing with signal handler addresses (and numbers, for the default and ignore actions) is going to pose a basic syntactical challenge for some.
The other part is setting up the stack for the signal handler function. You’ll want it to look like this,
| other stack frames |
| a few bytes of machine code to call sys_sigret |
| address of the first byte of the code above |
You’ll want %rsp to be pointing at the end of that address by the time you return to userspace (and %rip to the handler function address). The system call return code (syscall_trapret in trapasm.S) takes %rsp from the trap frame. Strangely enough, the sysret instruction takes %rip from %rcx, so you’ll want to put the instruction pointer in the %rcx field in the trapframe.
As a hint for the machine code bit, the user space symbol “sigret” points at the exact code you need.
turn-in Heading link
Use this invitation link to create your turn-in repository.